merge

signature: merge(input: Observable): Observable

Turn multiple observables into a single observable.

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💡 This operator can be used as either a static or instance method!

💡 If order not throughput is a primary concern, try concat instead!

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Why use merge?

The merge operator is your go-to solution when you have multiple observables that produce values independently and you want to combine their output into a single stream. Think of it as a highway merger, where multiple roads join together to form a single, unified road - the traffic (data) from each road (observable) flows seamlessly together.

A real-world example can be seen in a chat application, where you have separate observables for receiving messages from multiple users. By using merge, you can bring all those message streams into a single unified stream for displaying the messages in the chat window.

Keep in mind that merge will emit values as soon as any of the observables emit a value. This is different from combineLatest or withLatestFrom, which wait for each observable to emit at least one value before emitting a combined value.

Lastly, if you're dealing with observables that emit values at specific intervals and you need to combine them based on time, consider using the zip operator instead.

Examples

Example 1: merging multiple observables, static method

( StackBlitz | jsBin | jsFiddle )

// RxJS v6+
import { mapTo } from 'rxjs/operators';
import { interval, merge } from 'rxjs';

//emit every 2.5 seconds
const first = interval(2500);
//emit every 2 seconds
const second = interval(2000);
//emit every 1.5 seconds
const third = interval(1500);
//emit every 1 second
const fourth = interval(1000);

//emit outputs from one observable
const example = merge(
  first.pipe(mapTo('FIRST!')),
  second.pipe(mapTo('SECOND!')),
  third.pipe(mapTo('THIRD')),
  fourth.pipe(mapTo('FOURTH'))
);
//output: "FOURTH", "THIRD", "SECOND!", "FOURTH", "FIRST!", "THIRD", "FOURTH"
const subscribe = example.subscribe(val => console.log(val));

Example 2: merge 2 observables, instance method

( StackBlitz | jsBin | jsFiddle )

// RxJS v6+
import { merge } from 'rxjs/operators';
import { interval } from 'rxjs';

//emit every 2.5 seconds
const first = interval(2500);
//emit every 1 second
const second = interval(1000);
//used as instance method
const example = first.pipe(merge(second));
//output: 0,1,0,2....
const subscribe = example.subscribe(val => console.log(val));

Related Recipes

• Battleship Game
• Flappy Bird Game
• HTTP Polling
• Lockscreen
• Memory Game
• Save Indicator

Additional Resources

• merge 📰 - Official docs
• merge - In Depth Dev Reference
• Handling multiple streams with merge 🎥 💵 - John Linquist
• Sharing network requests with merge 🎥 💵 - André Staltz
• Combination operator: merge 🎥 💵 - André Staltz
• Build your own merge operator 🎥 - Kwinten Pisman

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📁 Source Code: https://github.com/ReactiveX/rxjs/blob/master/src/internal/operators/merge.ts